Which of the following can affect attitudes according to marketers?

The option highlighting changing existing beliefs and evaluations of beliefs is the correct answer because it directly relates to the underlying psychological factors that marketers seek to influence when shaping consumers' attitudes. Attitudes are formed from a person’s beliefs, feelings, and behavioral intentions regarding a particular product or service. Marketers aim to modify these attitudes by altering existing beliefs or inviting consumers to reevaluate what they think about a product or brand.

Through various marketing strategies like persuasive messaging, they can present new information or perspectives that challenge current beliefs, leading to a change in overall evaluation. This is crucial in contexts such as brand repositioning or addressing negative perceptions surrounding a product.

While price tactics, changing advertising methods, and developing new products can all influence a consumer's perception, they tend to operate at a different level. Price tactics might affect the perceived value, changing advertising methods can refresh or enhance visibility, and developing new products introduces potentially favorable options but do not directly aim at modifying existing attitudes as effectively as altering beliefs does. Therefore, influencing attitudes through the modification of beliefs and evaluations is a central focus for marketers aiming to build strong, positive connections with consumers.